Operating systems like Windows, Linux, MacOS are General Purpose Operating systems. For applications like robotics, industrial automation, automotive which deal with real time scenarios and constraints use Real-time Operating system (RTOS). RTOS can be said as specialized operating system designed to be used for embedded systems devices. RTOS helps to ensure reliable operation of embedded systems. RTOS can be classified as:
- Soft RTOS
- Hard RTOS
- Firm RTOS
Real time scenarios need that tasks are to be executed within defined time constraints and this is where RTOS plays a crucial role. RTOS ensures precise timing in execution.
FreeRTOS is one of the commonly used Real time operating system. Other RTOS include VxWorks, QNX, Nucleus RTOS, ThreadX, RTLinux, Embed, Zephyr, embos.
Key features of RTOS include:
Real-time scheduling: RTOS provides deterministic scheduling mechanisms to ensure that tasks are executed within specified time constraints. This is typically achieved through priority-based scheduling algorithms.
Interrupt handling: RTOS provides efficient and deterministic interrupt handling mechanisms to respond to external events in a timely manner.
Task management: RTOS allows for the creation, deletion, and prioritization of tasks, enabling developers to design complex real-time applications.
Communication and synchronization: RTOS provides mechanisms for inter-task communication and synchronization, such as message queues, semaphores, and mutexes.
Memory management: RTOS manages memory allocation and deallocation efficiently to avoid memory leaks and fragmentation.
Our other post on RTOS: https://embeddeddesignblog.blogspot.com/2023/03/what-is-rtos.html
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