Every electronics circuit needs voltage to operate. So, when we provide voltage to a load, the current various based on the load. For example, when we connect 3.3V to a single LED, based on series resistor current shall flow. Now, we connect two LEDs to the 3.3V rail, the current shall increase as we are now driving more load. Now, a different kind of need might exist in circuits, where we might need a constant current and voltage need not be constant. The voltage varies to provide a fixed current to load. Constant current source circuit is used in these scenarios. LED driver circuit, Battery charging circuit are examples of constant current source.
Below is the constant current source circuit:
The above circuit is simulated in LTSpice:
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